euk134  (Cayman Chemical)

Journal: Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy

Article Title: Porphyromonas gingivalis aggravates atherosclerotic plaque instability by promoting lipid-laden macrophage necroptosis

doi: 10.1038/s41392-025-02251-6

Figure Lengend Snippet: Oxidative stress serves as a principal driver of Pg –induced necroptosis. a Dihydroethidium (DHE) staining and CD45-ACTA2 co-staining of serial sections of the aortic roots isolated from Apoe –/– mice infected with or without Pg for 8 weeks. Nuclei were labeled using DAPI. Scale bar = 100 μm. b The co-localization of NOX2 and CD45-labled macrophages in the aortic root plaques of Apoe –/– mice infected with or without Pg for 8 weeks. Nuclei were labeled using DAPI. Scale bar = 20 μm. c Flow cytometry analyses of the reactive oxygen species (ROS) level in macrophages infected by Pg in different MOIs, and treated with or without ox-LDL (60 μg/mL). n = 4 per group. d Relative mRNA expression levels of Nox2 , Cox2 , Nos2 , Gpx1 , Sod1 , and Sod2 in ox-LDL (60 μg/mL)-loaded macrophages treated with or without Pg (MOI = 100) for 24 h. n = 4 per group. Flow cytometry analyses of ROS production ( e ) and ratio of PI + cells ( f ) in ox-LDL (60 μg/mL)-loaded macrophages pre-administrated with EUK134 (10 μM) and infected with Pg (MOI = 100). n = 4 per group. g Western blot analyses of RIPK3, p-MLKL, MLKL, and GAPDH expression in ox-LDL (60 μg/mL)-loaded macrophages pre-administrated with EUK134 (10 μM) and infected with Pg (MOI = 100) for 24 h. GAPDH was used as the loading control. h H&E, Masson, Oil Red O staining, and CD45 and F4/80 co-immunohistochemical staining of atherosclerotic plaques in aortic roots of Apoe −/− mice untreated or challenged by Pg under the administration of EUK134 for 8 weeks. Scale bar = 200 μm in H&E, scale bar = 100 μm in the rest images. i Quantitative analyses of plaque size, necrotic area, Oil Red O + area, and CD45 and F4/80-positive areas of the plaques in h . n = 6 per group. Results were represented as mean ± SD ( c , d , e , f ) or mean ± SEM ( i ). Data were analyzed by two-way ANOVA ( c , d ), or one-way ANOVA ( e , f , i ). **** P < 0.0001; *** P < 0.001; ** P < 0.01; * P < 0.05

Article Snippet: To investigate the effect of oxidative stress on Pg -promoted atherosclerotic plaque destabilization, EUK134 (10 mg/kg, S4261, Selleck) or DMSO (as control) was delivered via intraperitoneal injection to Apoe −/− mice once per week, combined with or without intravenous injection with 10 7 CFU Pg once per week for 8 weeks.

Techniques: Staining, Isolation, Infection, Labeling, Flow Cytometry, Expressing, Western Blot, Control, Immunohistochemical staining

Journal: Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience

Article Title: Inhibiting amyloid beta (1–42) peptide-induced mitochondrial dysfunction prevents the degradation of synaptic proteins in the entorhinal cortex

doi: 10.3389/fnagi.2022.960314

Figure Lengend Snippet: Inhibiting increases in reactive oxygen species with EUK134 prevents hAβ 1–42 -induced changes in mitochondrial and synaptic proteins. (A1) Representative immunoblots of superoxide dismutase 2 (SOD2), mitochondrial cytochrome c (Mito-cyt C), and the loading control β-Actin, are shown in slices treated with EUK134, hAβ 1–42 with EUK134, and control. (A2) Normalized relative expression of SOD2 and Mito-cyt C proteins ( n = 6). (B1) Representative immunoblots of postsynaptic density protein PSD95, presynaptic marker synaptophysin (Synap.), vesicular acetylcholine transporter (VAChT), and the loading control β-Actin are shown for tissue treated with EUK134, hAβ 1–42 with EUK134, and control. Bar graphs indicate normalized relative expression of PSD95, Synap., and VAChT (B2) (* p < 0.05).

Article Snippet: The role of mitochondrial ROS and oxidative stress was assessed by applying the mitochondria-targeted antioxidant drug mitoquinone mesylate (MitoQ, 500 nM; Toronto Research Chemicals; M372215), and SOD/catalase mimetic drug EUK134 (250 nM; Cayman Chemical; 10006329) during incubation of slices in hAβ 1–42 or DMSO.

Techniques: Western Blot, Control, Expressing, Marker